After you count five seconds, either say "BOOM" or play one of the sharp thunder sounds.Rapidly turn the flashlight on and off.Have the student look at the end of the flashlight and instruct them to begin counting once they see it light up.Instruct the student that they can approximate "seconds" by counting "One-Mississippi", "Two-Mississippi", "Three-Mississippi", etc. Ensure they know sound travels about one mile every five seconds (three kilometers every three seconds). Instruct the students about thunder and why it occurs.Very Sharp Thunder (161k), Sharp Thunder (201k), Close Rumble (237k), Far Rumble (246k) You can download the following thunder sounds to a computer or smartphone. None unless you would like to use the sound files. Optional: thunder sound files (see below) camera flash Through a series of examples, the student will be able to determine the distance to a lightning strike. The speed actually varies greatly with the temperature, but the thumb rule of 5 seconds per mile (3 seconds per kilometer) is a good approximation. Sound travels roughly 750 mph (1,200 km/h), or approximately one mile every 5 seconds (one kilometer every 3 seconds). The primary reason for this is that the sound shock wave modifies as it passes through the atmosphere. Thunder from a nearby lightning strike will have a very sharp crack or loud bang, whereas thunder from a distant strike will have a continuous rumble. Since the sonic boom is created along the path of the lightning bolt, in effect, millions of sonic booms are created, which we hear as a rumble. As the lightning bolt passes through the air, the air expands faster than the speed of sound generating a "sonic boom". Thunder is a result of the rapid expansion of super heated air caused by the extremely high temperature of lightning. Learning Lesson: Determining distance to a Thunderstorm Overview
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