![]() An SCR system uses two to four ounces of DEF per gallon of fuel. It also reduces CO ₂ emissions and particulate matter. NOx emissions are reduced by an average of 80% through this process. DEF is 32.5% urea, or aqueous ammonia solution, and 67.5% deionized water.Īfter injection, DEF combines with the NOx gasses, setting off a chemical reaction that converts nitrogen oxides into nitrogen, water, and small amounts of CO ₂. ![]() ![]() An SCR system works by injecting DEF into the exhaust stream as it runs. A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system is a technology designed for this purpose. How Does an SCR System Break Down DEF ?įortunately, the industry has developed a product for mitigating the harmful effects of NOx from diesel fuel emissions. NOx emissions are also a source of acid rain, meaning these gasses contribute to the general acidification of soil and water in addition to atmospheric pollution. Soot is another culprit, and is a much more efficient warming agent per unit mass than CO ₂. NO ₂ forms ozone, another significant greenhouse gas contributing to climate change. transportation sector resulted in the emission of 456 million metric tons of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), the main contributor to the greenhouse effect. Energy Information Administration estimates that in 2019, diesel fuel consumption in the U.S. Diesel and the Environmentīesides threatening human health, NOx contributes to greenhouse gasses that cause climate change by trapping heat in the Earth’s atmosphere. These chemicals have also been linked to bladder cancer. Particulates can cause inflammation and cell mutations in the lungs, leading to lung cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classifie s it as a Category 1 or “definite” carcinogen, making it notably more dangerous than gasoline (petrol) emissions, which are classified as a Category 2B or “possible” cause of cancer.Ĭhemicals in diesel exhaust called Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) damage DNA, which raises the risk of cancer. NOx is toxic to humans when inhaled, even at relatively low concentrations. Diesel fuel exhaust contains nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide (together known as NOx). Diesel and Human Healthĭespite its benefits, diesel fuel poses certain hazards. In the U.S., it accounts for 15% of fuel consumption and 25% of total energy consumption by the transportation sector. Some passenger vehicles also use diesel, as do generators for electricity. Diesel is also commonly used for trains, military equipment, and construction vehicles. Today, diesel fuel is used in a wide variety of applications, including freight and delivery vehicles, boats, and farm equipment. In the 1930s its use spread to passenger vehicles. ![]() Though originally patented in 1892, diesel fuel was first used in the 1920s for commercial vehicle applications. However, diesel engines are more efficient as a result. Due to its viscosity, diesel fuel requires higher temperature and pressure to ignite and power an engine. Diesel is similar to gasoline but with a thicker viscosity, causing it to evaporate slower than gasoline. What Is Diesel Fuel and Why Is It Harmful?ĭiesel fuel is a petroleum product refined from crude oil. Here’s what you need to know about DEF, including what it is, why it’s needed, and the requirements for using it. As a result, international standards call for highly effective exhaust after-treatment systems to mitigate adverse effects. The after-treatment process relies on diesel exhaust fluid (DEF), also known by the brand name AdBlue®, to break down dangerous pollutants. Diesel engine emissions can be harmful to both humans and the environment. ![]()
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